The biblical tradition rediscovered during the Reformation viewed theocracy and democracy as necessary compliments: human rule flowed from God's rule.The Mission of God, 121
The reason why the reformation succeeded so well in Germany was because the peoples catechizing went along with Luther's preaching. It was laid as a charge upon masters of families, that they should catechize their children
to Thomas Aquinas the will was fallen after man had revolted against God, but the mind was not. This eventually resulted in people believing they could think out the answers to all the great questions, beginning only from themselves. The Reformation, in contrast to Aquinas had a more biblical concept of the Fall.How Should We Then Live, 85
Luther's doctrine of justification depends upon two things: the constant preaching of the wrath of God in the face of sin; and the realization that every Christian is at once righteous and a sinner, thus needing the hammer of the law to terrify and break the sinful conscience.
For the Reformation is nothing other than Augustianianism come to its rights: the turning away from all that is human to rest on God alone for salvation.
In almost every place where the Reformation flourished there was not only religious noncompliance; there was civil disobedience as well.A Christian Manifesto
Calvin himself in Geneva did not have the authority often attributed to him... Calvin's influence was moral and informal... For example, he preferred to have the Lord's Supper given weekly, but he allowed the will of the majority of the pastors in Geneva to prevail. Thus the Lord's Supper was celebrated only once every three months.How Should We Then Live?, 122
the Reformers also rejected the Anselmian alternative 'satisfaction or punishment', and pointed out that the one does not exclude the other, but that the satisfaction rendered through the sacrifice of Christ was the satisfaction through punishment. In other words, they stressed the fact that the sufferings of Christ were penal and vicarious.The History of Christian Doctrines (183)
This is the way to avert wrath; like John sometimes Bishop of Magdenburge, against whom the Duke of Saxony raised an army; one coming from thence, the Duke asked him, what preparation the Bishop made? he told him, that he saw none; Why, but (says the Duke) what does he then? The other replied, That he reformed his Church, his house, his City; Which when the Duke heard he disbanded his army, saying, He would never venture upon him that engaged such a course God to assist him. Thus this course will make you too hard for your enemies: it will hold up the hands and hearts of your friends.https://www.google.ca/books/edition/A_Glimpse_of_Gods_Glory/FDg3AAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0
In 1860 Jacob Burckhardt (1818-1897) in The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy pointed out a crucial difference between the Renaissance and the Reformation... He indicated that freedom was introduced both in the north by the Reformation and in the south by the Renaissance. But in the south it went to license; in the north it did not. The reason was that in the Renaissance humanism man had no way to bring forth a meaning to the particulars of life and no place from which to get absolutes in morals. But in the north, the people of the Reformation, standing under the teaching of Scripture, had freedom and yet at the same time compelling absolute values.How Should We Then Live, 112
The Francis I, who in 1516 took Leonardo to France (where Leonardo died), is the same Francis I to whom Calvin (1509-1564) addressed his Institutes of the Christian Religion in 1536.How Should We Then Live, 85
As important as it is to understand the significance of the Lord's Supper, it's just as important that we understand it is a supper we are celebrating. The sacramental feast is a meal, not a sacrifice. The last sentence in the previous paragraph is essential, not only because of the first clause (about Christ's presence), but also because of the last word. In celebrating Communion, we come to a table, not to an altar. Among all the critical rediscoveries during the Reformation, it is easy to overlook the importance of recovering the Lord's Supper as a covenantal meal (not a re-presenting of Christ's atoning death) with all the elements (bread and cup) distributed to every believer (no longer withholding the cup from the laity). The Lord's Supper acts as a family table where we can enjoy fellowship with each other and with our Host, partaking of the rich feast of blessings purchased for us at the cross.https://blogs.thegospelcoalition.org/kevindeyoung/2015/10/29/the-reformation-gave-us-a-seat-at-the-table/